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2011 年高考数学(上海卷理科)

exams_raw/普通高考/2011/2011上海理.pdf · HS-MATH-1024-v2.1-solution-aware

2330 个小问/题组
1

一、填空题 · 函数

函数 f(x)=1x2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{2}} 的反函数为 f1(x)=\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=} ______.

答案:2+1x (x0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=15}{\ }\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{x}\ne\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{)}

题目标签:分式函数反函数

解题过程

交换变量求解

求反函数

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

原函数值不可能为 0,因此反函数定义域为 x0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\ne\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}

为什么从这里入手:含分母、根号或对数的式子必须先合法,后续变形才有意义。“原函数值不可能为 0,因此反函数定义域为 x0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\ne\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}。”正好暴露了限制条件;先识别结构并建立关系,可以防止约分或平方时把禁值偷偷带回答案。

详细展开:y=1/(x2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{)}x=2+1/y\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{y},交换字母得 f1(x)=2+1/x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{x}

f1(x)=2+1x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{x}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:保留定义域 x0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\ne\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}

2+1x (x0)\boxed{2+\frac{1}{x}\ (x\ne0)}
2

一、填空题 · 集合

若全集 U=R\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{U}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\mathbf{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{R}},集合 A={xx1}{xx0}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=4}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=10}{\mid }\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=21}{\geqslant }\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=24}{\}}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=28}{\cup}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=30}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=36}{\mid }\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=47}{\leqslant }\htmlData{tutor-start=47,tutor-end=48}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=48,tutor-end=50}{\}},则 UA=\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=11}{\complement}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{U}} \htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{=} ______.

答案:(0,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}

题目标签:并集的补集

解题过程

在数轴上取剩余部分

求补集

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

原集合包含 x0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}x1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}

为什么从这里入手:集合题不能只看式子的外形,必须回到“元素是否满足条件”。这里的“原集合包含 x0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}x1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}。”给出了元素筛选规则,因此先识别结构并建立关系,再逐项保留或删除元素,思路最直接。

详细展开:实轴上未被覆盖的只有 0<x<1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}

0<x<1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:端点都属于原集合,所以补集为开区间。

(0,1)\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{)}}
3

一、填空题 · 圆锥曲线

m\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m} 为常数,若点 F(0,5)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{F}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)} 是双曲线 y2mx29=1\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{y}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{m}}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{-}\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{x}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{2}}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{9}}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{1} 的一个焦点,则 m=\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=} ______.

答案:16\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{6}

题目标签:双曲线焦点定参数

解题过程

使用 c2=a2+b2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{b}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{2}}

m\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

双曲线实轴在 y\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y} 轴,半实轴平方为 m\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}、半虚轴平方为 9。

为什么从这里入手:解析几何的目的,是把图形关系变成坐标等式。“双曲线实轴在 y\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y} 轴,半实轴平方为 m\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}、半虚轴平方为 9。”提供了点、斜率、距离或焦点条件,先识别结构并建立关系后,交点、弦长和轨迹都能交给方程与韦达定理处理。

详细展开:焦点 (0,5)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}c=5\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{5},故 25=m+9\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{9}

m+9=25\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{5}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:解得 m=16>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{0}

16\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{6}}
4

一、填空题 · 不等式

不等式 x+1x3\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=24}{\leqslant }\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{3} 的解集为 ______.

答案:(,0)[12,+)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=8}{\infty}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=15}{\cup}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{[}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=35}{\infty}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{)}

题目标签:分式不等式

解题过程

通分作符号表

解不等式

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

移项时保留分母零点。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“移项时保留分母零点。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:(x+1)/x3=(12x)/x0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=21}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{0},临界点为 0、1/2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}

12xx0\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=17}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{0}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:符号表得 x<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}x1/2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2};0 排除,1/2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2} 可取。

(,0)[12,+)\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=15}{\infty}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=22}{\cup}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{[}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=42}{\infty}\htmlData{tutor-start=42,tutor-end=43}{)}}
5

一、填空题 · 直线

在极坐标系中,直线 ρ(2cosθ+sinθ)=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=4}{\rho}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2}\cos\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=16}{\theta}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{+}\sin\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=27}{\theta}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{2} 与直线 ρcosθ=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=4}{\rho}\cos\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=14}{\theta}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1} 的夹角大小为 ______.(结果用反三角函数值表示)

答案:arctan12\arctan\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}}

题目标签:两直线夹角

解题过程

化极坐标方程为直角坐标

求夹角

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

第一条直线为 2x+y=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2},第二条为 x=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}

为什么从这里入手:解析几何的目的,是把图形关系变成坐标等式。“第一条直线为 2x+y=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2},第二条为 x=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}。”提供了点、斜率、距离或焦点条件,先识别结构并建立关系后,交点、弦长和轨迹都能交给方程与韦达定理处理。

详细展开:第一条方向向量可取 (1,2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)},与竖直方向 (0,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)} 的锐角满足 tanθ=1/2\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=10}{\theta}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}

tantheta=12\tan\\\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{e}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{2}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:按题意用反三角函数表示为 arctan(1/2)\arctan\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{)}

arctan12\boxed{\arctan\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{2}}}
6

一、填空题 · 解三角形

在相距 2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2} 千米的 A,B\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{B} 两点处测量目标 C\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C},若 CAB=75\angle CAB=75^\circCBA=60\angle CBA=60^\circ,则 A,C\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{C} 两点之间的距离为 ______ 千米.

答案:6\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{6}} 千米

题目标签:正弦定理解测距

解题过程

补出第三角后用正弦定理

AC\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{C}

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

A=75,B=60A=75^\circ,B=60^\circ,故 C=45C=45^\circ,且 AB=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“A=75,B=60A=75^\circ,B=60^\circ,故 C=45C=45^\circ,且 AB=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:AC/sin60=AB/sin45AC/\sin60^\circ=AB/\sin45^\circ,所以 AC=2(3/2)/(2/2)=6\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{(}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{(}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{6}}

AC=2sin60sin45AC=2\frac{\sin60^\circ}{\sin45^\circ}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:长度为正,单位为千米。

6\boxed{\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{6}}}
7

一、填空题 · 立体几何

若圆锥的侧面积为 2π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\pi},底面面积为 π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=3}{\pi},则该圆锥的体积为 ______.

答案:3π3\frac{\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=17}{\pi}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{3}}

题目标签:圆锥体积

解题过程

由两个面积求高

计算体积

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

底面积 π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=3}{\pi} 给半径 1;侧面积 πrl=2π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=4}{\pi }\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{r}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{l}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=11}{\pi} 给母线 2。

为什么从这里入手:解析几何的目的,是把图形关系变成坐标等式。“底面积 π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=3}{\pi} 给半径 1;侧面积 πrl=2π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=4}{\pi }\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{r}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{l}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=11}{\pi} 给母线 2。”提供了点、斜率、距离或焦点条件,先识别结构并建立关系后,交点、弦长和轨迹都能交给方程与韦达定理处理。

详细展开:高 h=l2r2=3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{l}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{r}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{2}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{3}}

r=1,l=2,h=3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{r}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\quad \htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{l}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{,}\quad \htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{3}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:体积 V=13πr2h=3π/3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{V}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=17}{\pi }\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{r}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=35}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{3}

3π3\boxed{\frac{\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=24}{\pi}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{3}}}
8

一、填空题 · 三角函数

函数 y=sin ⁣(π2+x)cos ⁣(π6x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\sin\!\left(\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=24}{\pi}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{x}\right)\cos\!\left(\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=56,tutor-end=59}{\pi}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=61,tutor-end=62}{6}}\htmlData{tutor-start=63,tutor-end=64}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=64,tutor-end=65}{x}\right) 的最大值为 ______.

答案:2+34\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{+}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{3}}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{4}}

题目标签:三角函数乘积最大值

解题过程

积化和差

求最大值

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

sin(π/2+x)=cosx\sin\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=8}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{=}\cos \htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{x}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“sin(π/2+x)=cosx\sin\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=8}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{=}\cos \htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{x}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:cosxcos(xπ/6)=12[cos(2xπ/6)+cos(π/6)]\cos \htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{x}\cos\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=16}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{[}\cos\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=43}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=43,tutor-end=44}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=44,tutor-end=45}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=45,tutor-end=46}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=46,tutor-end=47}{+}\cos\htmlData{tutor-start=51,tutor-end=52}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=52,tutor-end=55}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=55,tutor-end=56}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=56,tutor-end=57}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=57,tutor-end=58}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=58,tutor-end=59}{]}

y=12cos(2xπ6)+34y=\frac{1}{2}\cos(2x-\frac\pi6)+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:余弦最大为 1,因此最大值为 1/2+3/4=(2+3)/4\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{+}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{4}

2+34\boxed{\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{+}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{3}}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{4}}}
9

一、填空题 · 离散型随机变量

马老师从课本上抄录一个随机变量 ξ\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=3}{\xi} 的概率分布列如下表: 请小牛同学计算 ξ\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=3}{\xi} 的数学期望,尽管"!"处无法完全看清,且两个"?"处字迹模糊,但能肯定这两个"?"处的数值相同. 据此,小牛给出了正确答案 Eξ=\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{E}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\xi}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=} ______.

原卷图示 1
原卷图示 1原卷第 1 页 · qwen3.7-plus_layout_detection · 需复核

答案:2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}

题目标签:模糊分布列的期望

解题过程

利用对称概率

求期望

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

随机变量取 1、2、3,且 1 与 3 的概率相同。

为什么从这里入手:概率题的关键不是立刻代数,而是先说清随机试验与事件。“随机变量取 1、2、3,且 1 与 3 的概率相同。”确定了基本事件或随机变量,所以先识别结构并建立关系,再依据独立、互斥、对立或期望线性性计算。

详细展开:设两端概率为 p\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{p},中间为 q\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{q},则 2p+q=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{p}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{q}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}Eξ=p+2q+3p=4p+2q=2(2p+q)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{E}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\xi}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{p}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{q}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{p}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{p}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{q}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{p}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{q}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{)}

Eξ=2(2p+q)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{E}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\xi}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{p}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{q}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{)}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:由概率和为 1 得 Eξ=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{E}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\xi}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2},无需知道模糊的具体概率。

2\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}}
10

一、填空题 · 行列式

行列式 abcd\begin{vmatrix} \htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{a} & \htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{b} \\ \htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{c} & \htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{d} \end{vmatrix}a,b,c,d{1,1,2}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{c}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=10}{\in}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=12}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=20}{\}})所有可能的值中,最大的是 ______.

答案:6\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{6}

题目标签:二阶行列式最大值

解题过程

分别放大正积和负积

adbc\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{c} 最大值

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

元素只取 1,1,2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2},最大化需要让 ad\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{d} 尽量大、bc\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{c} 尽量负。

为什么从这里入手:最值与范围题要先找到变量受限方式以及等号何时成立。“元素只取 1,1,2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2},最大化需要让 ad\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{d} 尽量大、bc\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{c} 尽量负。”给出了可行域或关键界,先识别结构并建立关系能把‘可能有多大’转成单调性、基本不等式或边界比较。

详细展开:ad4\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=5}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{4},而 bc2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{c}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=5}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2},故 adbc4(2)=6\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{c}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=8}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{6}。取 a=d=2,b=1,c=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{c}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2} 可达到。

adbc6\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{c}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=8}{\le}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{6}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:上界可取,所以最大值为 6。

6\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{6}}
11

一、填空题 · 平面向量

在正三角形 ABC\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{C} 中,D\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}BC\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{C} 上的点. 若 AB=3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{3}BD=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1},则 ABAD=\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{B}}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=24}{\cdot}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{D}}\htmlData{tutor-start=43,tutor-end=44}{=} ______.

答案:152\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{5}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}}

题目标签:正三角形向量点积

解题过程

建立平面坐标

求点积

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

A=(0,0),B=(3,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{)},正三角形第三点 C=(3/2,33/2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{3}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{)}

为什么从这里入手:三角题先把未知角转成特殊角、同一角或已知边角关系。“取 A=(0,0),B=(3,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{)},正三角形第三点 C=(3/2,33/2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{3}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{)}。”指出了可用的象限、恒等式或几何关系,先识别结构并建立关系可以同时确定数值和正负号。

详细展开:BD=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1},故 D\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}B\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B} 沿 BC\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{C} 前进三分之一,D=(5/2,3/2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{,}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{)}。于是 AB=(3,0),AD=(5/2,3/2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{,}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{)}

ABAD=352\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{B}}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=24}{\cdot}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{D}}\htmlData{tutor-start=43,tutor-end=44}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=44,tutor-end=45}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=45,tutor-end=50}{\cdot}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=56,tutor-end=57}{5}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=59,tutor-end=60}{2}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:点积为 15/2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}

152\boxed{\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{5}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{2}}}
12

一、填空题 · 古典概型

随机抽取的 9\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{9} 位同学中,至少有 2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2} 位同学在同一月份出生的概率为 ______.(默认每个月的天数相同,结果精确到 0.001\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{.}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}

答案:0.985\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{.}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{8}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{5}

题目标签:生日月份碰撞概率

解题过程

计算对立事件

求至少同月概率

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

对立事件是 9 人出生月份两两不同。

为什么从这里入手:概率题的关键不是立刻代数,而是先说清随机试验与事件。“对立事件是 9 人出生月份两两不同。”确定了基本事件或随机变量,所以先识别结构并建立关系,再依据独立、互斥、对立或期望线性性计算。

详细展开:其概率为 12114/129\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=7}{\cdot}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\cdots\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{9}},所以所求为 112P9/129\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{9}}

P=112114129\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=17}{\cdot}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}\cdots\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{4}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{9}}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:数值约为 0.985,按题意保留三位小数。

0.985\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{.}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{8}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{5}}
13

一、填空题 · 函数

g(x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{g}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)} 是定义在 R\mathbf{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{R}} 上,以 1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1} 为周期的函数,若函数 f(x)=x+g(x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{g}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)} 在区间 [3,4]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{]} 上的值域为 [2,5]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{]},则 f(x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)} 在区间 [10,10]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{]} 上的值域为 ______.

答案:[15,11]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{]}

题目标签:周期函数长区间值域

解题过程

建立单位平移关系

求值域

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

同样有 f(x+1)=f(x)+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“同样有 f(x+1)=f(x)+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:已知 [3,4]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{]} 值域为 [2,5]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{]},则 [k,k+1]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{]} 值域为 [k5,k+2]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{]}。对覆盖 [10,10]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{]}k=10,9,,9\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=15}{\ldots}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{9} 取并集。

Rk=[k5,k+2]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{k}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{]}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:最小端点为 15\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{5},最大端点为 11,各区间相互重叠,故值域为 [15,11]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{]}

[15,11]\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{]}}
14

一、填空题 · 数列极限

已知点 O(0,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}Q0(0,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{)} 和点 R0(3,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{)},记 Q0R0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{0}} 的中点为 P1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}},取 Q0P1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}P1R0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{0}} 中的一条,记其端点为 Q1,R1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}},使之满足 (OQ12)(OR12)<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{0},记 Q1R1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}} 的中点为 P2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}},取 Q1P2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}}P2R1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}} 中的一条,记其端点为 Q2,R2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}},使之满足 (OQ22)(OR22)<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{0}. 依次下去,得到 P1,P2,,Pn,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\cdots\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{,}\cdots,则 limnQ0Pn=\lim\limits_{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=17}{\to}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=23}{\infty}}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{=} ______.

答案:3\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}}

题目标签:二分法极限

解题过程

识别二分点逼近交点

求长度极限

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

每次保留线段端点到原点距离分别位于 2 两侧的半段。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“每次保留线段端点到原点距离分别位于 2 两侧的半段。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:因此 Pn\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}} 收敛到线段 Q0R0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{R}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{0}} 与圆 x2+y2=4\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{y}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{4} 的交点。该线段上 y=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}x[0,3]\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\in}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{[}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{]},交点横坐标为 x=3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{3}}

x2+1=4\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{4}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:Q0=(0,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)},故 Q0Pn\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{Q}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{P}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{|} 极限就是水平距离 3\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}}

3\boxed{\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{3}}}
15

二、选择题 · 基本不等式

a,bR\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=6}{\in}\mathbf{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{R}},且 ab>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0},则下列不等式中,恒成立的是( )

答案:D;ab+ba2\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{b}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{b}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{a}}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=26}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{2}

题目标签:同号实数恒等不等式

解题过程

把比值视为正数及其倒数

判断恒成立式

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

ab>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0} 保证 t=a/b>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“ab>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0} 保证 t=a/b>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:a/b+b/a=t+1/t2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=16}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2},等号在 t=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}a=b\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b} 时成立。

t+1t2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{t}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{t}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=16}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:其他选项在两数相等或同时为负时可失败,因此选择 D。

D\boxed{\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{D}}}
16

二、选择题 · 函数性质

下列函数中,既是偶函数,又是在区间 (0,+)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=10}{\infty}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)} 上单调递减的函数是( )

答案:A;y=ln1xy=\ln\frac1{|x|}

题目标签:偶函数与正半轴递减

解题过程

检查定义域、偶性和导数

选出目标函数

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{|} 的对数函数关于原点左右对称。

为什么从这里入手:含分母、根号或对数的式子必须先合法,后续变形才有意义。“含 x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{|} 的对数函数关于原点左右对称。”正好暴露了限制条件;先识别结构并建立关系,可以防止约分或平方时把禁值偷偷带回答案。

详细展开:f(x)=lnx\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{-}\ln\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{|}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{|},故 f(x)=f(x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{)};在 x>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}f(x)=1/x<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}'\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{0}

f(x)=1x<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}'\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{-}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{0}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:只有 A 同时满足偶性与严格递减。

A\boxed{\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{A}}}
17

二、选择题 · 平面向量

A1,A2,A3,A4,A5\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{5}} 是平面上给定的 5\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{5} 个不同点,则使 MA1+MA2+MA3+MA4+MA5=0\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{M}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{1}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{+}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{M}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=44,tutor-end=45}{2}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=47,tutor-end=48}{+}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=64,tutor-end=65}{M}\htmlData{tutor-start=65,tutor-end=66}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=68,tutor-end=69}{3}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=71,tutor-end=72}{+}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=88,tutor-end=89}{M}\htmlData{tutor-start=89,tutor-end=90}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=92,tutor-end=93}{4}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=95,tutor-end=96}{+}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=112,tutor-end=113}{M}\htmlData{tutor-start=113,tutor-end=114}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=116,tutor-end=117}{5}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=119,tutor-end=120}{=}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=136,tutor-end=137}{0}} 成立的点 M\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{M} 的个数为( )

答案:B;1 个

题目标签:五点重心

解题过程

解位置向量方程

求点数

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

五个向量和对 M\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{M} 是一次关系。

为什么从这里入手:空间关系只靠观察容易漏条件,而“五个向量和对 M\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{M} 是一次关系。”可以直接翻译成垂直、平行、数量积或体积公式。先识别结构并建立关系,是在建立可验证的几何链条,而不是凭图形猜结论。

详细展开:i=15MAi=0\sum_{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{5}}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{M}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{i}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{0} 等价于 OM=15OAi\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{M}}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{5}}\sum\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=51,tutor-end=52}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=52,tutor-end=53}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=55,tutor-end=56}{i}}}

OM=15i=15OAi\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{M}}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{1}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{5}}\sum_{\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{1}}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=43,tutor-end=44}{5}}\overrightarrow{\htmlData{tutor-start=61,tutor-end=62}{O}\htmlData{tutor-start=62,tutor-end=63}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=65,tutor-end=66}{i}}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:右端唯一,故恰有 1 个点。

1\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{1}}
18

二、选择题 · 数列

{an}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}} 是各项为正数的无穷数列,Ai\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{i}} 是边长为 ai,ai+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{i}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{1}} 的矩形面积(i=1,2,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\cdots),则 {An}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}} 为等比数列的充要条件为( )

答案:D

题目标签:矩形面积等比的充要条件

解题过程

考查面积相邻比

判断充要条件

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

An=anan+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{1}}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“An=anan+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{1}}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:An+1/An=an+2/an\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{n}}。要使该比值恒定,必须且只需奇数项子列和偶数项子列都是等比数列,并且公比相同。

An+1An=an+2an\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{1}}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{n}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{2}}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{n}}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:这正对应选项 D。

D\boxed{\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{D}}}
19

三、解答题 · 复数

已知复数 z1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}} 满足 (z12)(1+i)=1i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{i}}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{-}\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{i}}i\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{i}} 为虚数单位),复数 z2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}} 的虚部为 2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2},且 z1z2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=11}{\cdot }\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{2}} 是实数,求 z2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}.

答案:z2=4+2i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}\mathrm{\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{i}}

题目标签:复数实部条件

解题过程

(1)先求 z1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}

化简已知复数

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

把等式除以 1+i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{i}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“把等式除以 1+i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{i}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:z12=(1i)/(1+i)=i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{i},所以 z1=2i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{i}

z1=2i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{i}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:代回原式可得 1i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{i}

z1=2i\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{i}}

(2)令虚部系数为零

z2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

z2=x+2i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{i}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“设 z2=x+2i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{i}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:(2i)(x+2i)=(2x+2)+(4x)i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{i}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{i}。积为实数要求 4x=0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}

4x=0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:故 x=4,z2=4+2i\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{i}

z2=4+2i\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{z}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{i}}
20

三、解答题 · 指数函数

已知函数 f(x)=a2x+b3x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=12}{\cdot }\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=25}{\cdot }\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{3}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{x}},其中常数 a,b\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b} 满足 ab0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=7}{\cdot }\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{b}\neq \htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{0}. (1)若 ab>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=7}{\cdot }\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{0},判断函数 f(x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{)} 的单调性; (2)若 ab<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=7}{\cdot }\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{0},求 f(x+1)>f(x)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)} 时的 x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x} 的取值范围.

答案:同号时按符号单调;异号时分两类区间

题目标签:两指数函数线性组合

解题过程

(1)利用每项单调性

判断 ab>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0} 时单调性

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

2x,3x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}} 都严格递增。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“2x,3x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}} 都严格递增。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:若 a,b>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0},正线性组合严格递增;若 a,b<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0},两个负倍数之和严格递减。

a,b>0:;a,b<0:\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{:}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=14}{\uparrow}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{;}\quad \htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{:}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=37}{\downarrow}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:ab>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0} 还需区分同为正和同为负,不能统一说递增。

同正递增,同负递减\boxed{\text{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{同}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{正}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{递}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{增}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{同}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{负}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{递}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{减}}}

(2)移项后除以正指数

ab<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0} 时不等式

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

计算相邻函数值之差。

为什么从这里入手:三角题先把未知角转成特殊角、同一角或已知边角关系。“计算相邻函数值之差。”指出了可用的象限、恒等式或几何关系,先识别结构并建立关系可以同时确定数值和正负号。

详细展开:f(x+1)f(x)=a2x+2b3x\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{f}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{3}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{x}},除以 2x>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}a+2b(3/2)x>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{)}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{0}。若 a>0>b\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{b},则 x<log3/2(a/2b)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{<}\log_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{)};若 a<0<b\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{b},不等号方向相反。

a+2b(32)x>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{b}\left(\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{3}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{2}}\right)^{\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{x}}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{0}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:阈值为正数的对数,因 ab<0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0} 确有 a/(2b)>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{a}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{b}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{0}

{x<log3/2(a/2b),a>0>b\x>log3/2(a/2b),a<0<b\boxed{\begin{cases}x<\log_{3/2}(-a/2b),&a>0>b\\\x>\log_{3/2}(-a/2b),&a<0<b\end{cases}}
21

解答题 · 立体几何

已知 ABCDA1B1C1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{C}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{1}} 是底面边长为 1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{1} 的正四棱柱,O1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{O}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}A1C1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{C}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}B1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}} 的交点. (1) 设 AB1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}} 与底面 A1B1C1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{C}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}} 所成角的大小为 α\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=6}{\alpha},二面角 AB1D1A1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{1}} 的大小为 β\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=5}{\beta}. 求证:tanβ=2tanα\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=9}{\beta}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}}\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=28}{\alpha}; (2) 若点 C\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C} 到平面 AB1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}} 的距离为 43\dfrac{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{4}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{3}},求正四棱柱 ABCDA1B1C1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{A}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{C}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{1}} 的高.

原卷图示 1
原卷图示 1原卷第 2 页 · qwen3.7-plus_layout_detection · 需复核

答案:tanβ=2tanα\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=9}{\beta}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}}\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=28}{\alpha};高为 2

题目标签:正四棱柱线面角与二面角

解题过程

(1)用坐标表达两个角

证明正切关系

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

设底边为 1、高为 h\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{h},建立坐标。

为什么从这里入手:解析几何的目的,是把图形关系变成坐标等式。“设底边为 1、高为 h\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{h},建立坐标。”提供了点、斜率、距离或焦点条件,先识别结构并建立关系后,交点、弦长和轨迹都能交给方程与韦达定理处理。

详细展开:AB1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}} 在底面的投影为 AB\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B},故 tanα=h\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=10}{\alpha}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{h}。沿棱 B1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}} 作两个平面的垂线并计算,得到二面角正切 tanβ=2h\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=9}{\beta}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{h}

tanα=h,tanβ=2h\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=10}{\alpha}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{,}\quad\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=27}{\beta}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{h}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:消去 h\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{h}tanβ=2tanα\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=9}{\beta}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}}\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=28}{\alpha}

tanβ=2tanα\boxed{\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=16}{\beta}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{2}}\tan\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=35}{\alpha}}

(2)用点面距离反求高

求棱柱高度

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

A(0,0,0),B1(1,0,h),D1(0,1,h),C(1,1,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=42,tutor-end=43}{)}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“取 A(0,0,0),B1(1,0,h),D1(0,1,h),C(1,1,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=42,tutor-end=43}{)}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:平面 AB1D1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{B}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{D}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}} 方程为 hxhy+z=0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{z}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{0}。点 C\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C} 到它的距离为 2h/2h2+1=4/3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{/}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{h}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{3}

2h2h2+1=43\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{h}}{\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{h}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{1}}}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{=}\frac{\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{4}}{\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{3}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:平方并取 h>0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{>}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}h=2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}

h=2\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{h}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}
22

解答题 · 数列

已知数列 {an}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}}{bn}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}} 的通项公式分别为 an=3n+6\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{6}bn=2n+7\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{7} (nN)(n\in\mathbf{N}^*),将集合 {xx=an,nN}{xx=bn,nN}\{x\mid x=a_{n},\,n\in\mathbf{N}^*\}\cup\{x\mid x=b_{n},\,n\in\mathbf{N}^*\} 中的元素从小到大依次排列,构成数列 c1,c2,c3,,cn,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{,}\cdots\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{,}\cdots. (1) 求 c1,c2,c3,c4\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{4}}; (2) 求证:在数列 {an}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}} 中,但不在数列 {bn}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}} 中的项恰为 a2,a4,,a2n,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\cdots\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{,}\cdots; (3) 求数列 {cn}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=2}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\}} 的通项公式.

答案:c1,c2,c3,c4=9,11,12,13\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{3};通项按模 4 分类

题目标签:并集数列通项

解题过程

(1)直接归并前几项

求前四项

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

an\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}9,12,15,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=14}{\ldots}bn\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}9,11,13,15,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=17}{\ldots}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“an\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}9,12,15,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=14}{\ldots}bn\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}9,11,13,15,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=17}{\ldots}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:去重并升序排列得到 9,11,12,13\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{3}

c1=9,c2=11,c3=12,c4=13\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{3}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:共同项 9 只计一次。

9,11,12,13\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{3}}

(2)解公共项条件

证明偶数下标 a\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a} 项为独有项

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

an=bm\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{m}} 等价于 3n2m=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“an=bm\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{m}} 等价于 3n2m=1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:模 2 可知 n\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{n} 必须为奇数;反之 n=2k+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{n}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1}m=3k+1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{m}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{1} 为正整数。因此奇数下标 an\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}} 属于 b\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{b},偶数下标恰好不属于。

an{bm}n 为奇数\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=8}{\in}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=10}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{b}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{m}}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=17}{\}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=37}{\Longleftrightarrow }\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{n}\text{ \htmlData{tutor-start=45,tutor-end=46}{为}\htmlData{tutor-start=46,tutor-end=47}{奇}\htmlData{tutor-start=47,tutor-end=48}{数}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:所以独有项正是 a2,a4,\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=18}{\ldots}

a2k 恰为独有项\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{a}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{k}}\text{ \htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{恰}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{为}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{独}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{有}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{项}}}

(3)按四项周期写通项

cn\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{n}}

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

并集每四项整体增加 6。

为什么从这里入手:集合题不能只看式子的外形,必须回到“元素是否满足条件”。这里的“并集每四项整体增加 6。”给出了元素筛选规则,因此先识别结构并建立关系,再逐项保留或删除元素,思路最直接。

详细展开:对 k0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=4}{\ge}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}c4k+1=6k+9,c4k+2=6k+11,c4k+3=6k+12,c4k+4=6k+13\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{9}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=42,tutor-end=43}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=43,tutor-end=44}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=44,tutor-end=45}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=47,tutor-end=48}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=48,tutor-end=49}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=49,tutor-end=50}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=50,tutor-end=51}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=52,tutor-end=53}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=53,tutor-end=54}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=54,tutor-end=55}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=55,tutor-end=56}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=56,tutor-end=57}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=57,tutor-end=58}{3}

{c4k+1=6k+9c4k+2=6k+11c4k+3=6k+12c4k+4=6k+13\begin{cases}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{9}\\\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=31,tutor-end=32}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=32,tutor-end=33}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=34,tutor-end=35}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=40,tutor-end=41}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=41,tutor-end=42}{1}\\\htmlData{tutor-start=44,tutor-end=45}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=47,tutor-end=48}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=48,tutor-end=49}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=49,tutor-end=50}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=50,tutor-end=51}{3}}\htmlData{tutor-start=52,tutor-end=53}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=53,tutor-end=54}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=54,tutor-end=55}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=55,tutor-end=56}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=56,tutor-end=57}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=57,tutor-end=58}{2}\\\htmlData{tutor-start=60,tutor-end=61}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=63,tutor-end=64}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=64,tutor-end=65}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=65,tutor-end=66}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=66,tutor-end=67}{4}}\htmlData{tutor-start=68,tutor-end=69}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=69,tutor-end=70}{6}\htmlData{tutor-start=70,tutor-end=71}{k}\htmlData{tutor-start=71,tutor-end=72}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=72,tutor-end=73}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=73,tutor-end=74}{3}\end{cases}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:该式生成前四项并保持升序,覆盖全部并集元素。

cn 按 nmod4 分类如上\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{c}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{n}}\text{ \htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{按} }\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{n}\bmod\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{4}\text{ \htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=37}{分}\htmlData{tutor-start=37,tutor-end=38}{类}\htmlData{tutor-start=38,tutor-end=39}{如}\htmlData{tutor-start=39,tutor-end=40}{上}}}
23

解答题 · 解析几何

已知平面上的线段 l\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l} 及点 P\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P},在 l\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l} 上任取一点 Q\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{Q},线段 PQ\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{Q} 长度的最小值称为点 P\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P} 到线段 l\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l} 的距离,记作 d(P,l)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{l}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}. (1) 求点 P(1,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)} 到线段 l ⁣:xy3=0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l}\colon \htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{0} (3x5)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=12}{\leqslant }\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=23}{\leqslant }\htmlData{tutor-start=23,tutor-end=24}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{)} 的距离 d(P,l)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{l}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}; (2) 设 l\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l} 是长为 2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2} 的线段,求点的集合 D={Pd(P,l)1}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=4}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=10}{\mid }\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{l}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=26}{\leqslant }\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=29}{\}} 所表示的图形面积; (3) 写出到两条线段 l1\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}l2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}} 距离相等的点的集合 Ω={Pd(P,l1)=d(P,l2)}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=6}{\Omega}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=15}{\mid }\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{l}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=24,tutor-end=25}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=26,tutor-end=27}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=27,tutor-end=28}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=28,tutor-end=29}{P}\htmlData{tutor-start=29,tutor-end=30}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=30,tutor-end=31}{l}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=33,tutor-end=34}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=35,tutor-end=36}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=36,tutor-end=38}{\}},其中 l1=AB\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{B}l2=CD\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{l}_{\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{D}A,B,C,D\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{D} 是下列三组点中的一组. 对于下列三组点只需选做一种,满分分别是①2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{2} 分,②6\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{6} 分,③8\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{8} 分;若选择了多于一种情形,则按照序号较小的解答计分. ① A(1,3)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}B(1,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}C(1,3)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{)}D(1,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{)}. ② A(1,3)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}B(1,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}C(1,3)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{)}D(1,2)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{)}. ③ A(0,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{A}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}B(0,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{B}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}C(0,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{C}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}D(2,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{D}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=5,tutor-end=6}{)}.

答案:5\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{5}};面积 4+π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=5}{\pi};情形①的等距集为 x=0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0}

题目标签:点到线段距离

解题过程

(1)检查垂足是否在线段内

求点到指定线段距离

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

先求点到所在直线的垂足,再检查横坐标范围。

为什么从这里入手:解析几何的目的,是把图形关系变成坐标等式。“先求点到所在直线的垂足,再检查横坐标范围。”提供了点、斜率、距离或焦点条件,先识别结构并建立关系后,交点、弦长和轨迹都能交给方程与韦达定理处理。

详细展开:点 (1,1)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)} 到直线 y=x3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{3} 的垂足横坐标为 5/2<3\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{5}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{/}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{<}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{3},不在线段上,所以最近点是端点 (3,0)\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=4}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=4,tutor-end=5}{)}

d=(31)2+(01)2\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{d}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{3}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{)}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{2}}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=19,tutor-end=20}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=20,tutor-end=21}{-}\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{1}\htmlData{tutor-start=22,tutor-end=23}{)}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=25,tutor-end=26}{2}}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:得到距离 5\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{5}}

5\boxed{\sqrt{\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{5}}}

(2)识别线段的单位邻域

求图形面积

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

到长为 2 的线段距离不超过 1 的区域是胶囊形。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“识别结构并建立关系”,而“到长为 2 的线段距离不超过 1 的区域是胶囊形。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:它由长 2、宽 2 的矩形和两端合成的一个半径 1 圆组成。

S=22+π12\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{S}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=3,tutor-end=8}{\cdot}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{2}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=13}{\pi}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=18}{\cdot}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{1}^{\htmlData{tutor-start=21,tutor-end=22}{2}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:面积为 4+π\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=5}{\pi}

4+π\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=8}{4}\htmlData{tutor-start=8,tutor-end=9}{+}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=12}{\pi}}

(3)选择对称情形①

写出等距点集合

(1)
识别结构并建立关系

情形①的两条竖直线段关于 y\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y} 轴镜像对称且长度、纵向范围相同。

为什么从这里入手:解析几何的目的,是把图形关系变成坐标等式。“情形①的两条竖直线段关于 y\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y} 轴镜像对称且长度、纵向范围相同。”提供了点、斜率、距离或焦点条件,先识别结构并建立关系后,交点、弦长和轨迹都能交给方程与韦达定理处理。

详细展开:任意点到左、右镜像线段的距离相等当且仅当点位于对称轴 x=0\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=1,tutor-end=2}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=2,tutor-end=3}{0};对线段上方、下方的端点距离亦满足同一结论。

Ω={(x,y):x=0}\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=6}{\Omega}\htmlData{tutor-start=6,tutor-end=7}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=9}{\{}\htmlData{tutor-start=9,tutor-end=10}{(}\htmlData{tutor-start=10,tutor-end=11}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=11,tutor-end=12}{,}\htmlData{tutor-start=12,tutor-end=13}{y}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{)}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=15}{:}\htmlData{tutor-start=15,tutor-end=16}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{0}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=20}{\}}
(2)
完成计算并核验结论

上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。

为什么从这里入手:目标是“完成计算并核验结论”,而“上一阶段已经得到可直接求值、判号或证明的核心关系。”恰好给出了它所缺的前置量或等价关系。先把这条信息写成可计算的等式,后续只需沿等价变形逐步推进;若跳过这一步,就无法说明答案为何由题设唯一确定。

详细展开:因此选做情形①时,等距集是整条 y\htmlData{tutor-start=0,tutor-end=1}{y} 轴。

Ω: x=0\boxed{\htmlData{tutor-start=7,tutor-end=13}{\Omega}\htmlData{tutor-start=13,tutor-end=14}{:}\htmlData{tutor-start=14,tutor-end=16}{\ }\htmlData{tutor-start=16,tutor-end=17}{x}\htmlData{tutor-start=17,tutor-end=18}{=}\htmlData{tutor-start=18,tutor-end=19}{0}}